WASHINGTON (AP) — Former Vice President Al Gore called Thursday for a “man on the moon” effort to switch all of the nation’s electricity production to wind, solar and other carbon-free sources within 10 years, a goal that he said would solve global warming as well as economic and natural security crises caused by dependence on fossil fuels.

“The answer is to end our reliance on carbon-based fuels,” Gore told a packed auditorium in Washington’s historic Constitution Hall. “When you connect the dots, it turns out that the real solutions to the climate crisis are the very same measures needed to renew our economy and escape the trap of ever-rising energy prices.”

Gore compared the challenge to establishing Social Security and the Interstate highway system, as well as landing a man on the moon — all successes that took more than a single presidency to accomplish and required members of both political parties to overcome their partisanship.

The Alliance for Climate Protection, a bipartisan group Gore leads, put the 30-year cost of his plan — both government and private — at $1.5 trillion to $3 trillion.

To speed up the transition to new energy sources, Gore said the single most important policy change would be to “tax what we burn, not what we earn,” advocating a tax on carbon dioxide pollution.

Gore’s proposal would represent a significant shift in where the U.S. gets its power. In 2005, coal supplied slightly more than half the nation’s 3.7 billion kilowatt hours of electricity. Nuclear power accounted for 21 percent, natural gas 15 percent and renewable sources, including wind and solar, about 8.6 percent.

Gore won the Nobel Peace Prize for sounding the alarm about climate change and his documentary on the issue, “An Inconvenient Truth,” won an Oscar. In his speech, he did address what to do about coal, which is responsible for more than a third of the United States’ carbon dioxide pollution, blamed as the chief culprit for global warming.

Coal’s share of electricity generation is only expected to grow between now and 2030, according to Energy Department forecasts that assume no new government controls will be put on greenhouse gases. Renewable energy resources’ share of the power production would grow to 11 percent under that scenario.

In an interview Wednesday with The Associated Press, Gore he said his plan counts on nuclear power plants still providing about a fifth of the nation’s electricity while the U.S. dramatically increases its use of solar, wind, geothermal energy and clean coal technology. He said one of the largest obstacles will be updating the nation’s electricity grid to harness power from solar panels, windmills and dams and transport it to cities.

Some energy experts said Thursday that the turnaround Gore advocates is too fast.

Robbie Diamond, president of Securing America’s Future Energy, a bipartisan think tank, said weaning the nation away from fossil fuels — coal, oil and natural gas — can’t be done in a decade.

“The country is not going to be able to go cold turkey,” Diamond said. “We have hundreds of years of infrastructure with trillions of dollars of investment that is not simply going to be made obsolete.”

Gore said the changing economics of energy, in which high gasoline and oil prices are driving investments in renewable energy, would overcome the political and technological obstacles.

His challenge comes as Congress, and the White House, are debating how to address high energy prices, particularly the oil that drives the nation’s transportation. Both Democrats and Republicans are pushing for more exploration and production of domestic fossil fuels, albeit in different ways.

“It is only a truly dysfunctional system that would buy into the perverse logic that the short-term answer to high gasoline prices is drilling for more oil 10 years from now,” Gore said.